The presented study describes the principles of personnel policy (HR), for which the overall forms and methods of work of the superior with the subordinate were recognized, using a variety of forces and resources. In this approach, it was indispensable to define the concept of effective work, which can be defined as the human activity aiming at the realization of the basic tasks and goals of the workplace. The content of the article contains theoretical and practical references to the topic of building a loyal, stabilized crew, and thus an effective, profitable organization. Elements creating human capital were indicated, recognized as a collective competence of the company to extract the best solutions by means of employees’ knowledge. It emphasizes the feature of human resources, which is their renewal, related to learning and improvement, which can be treated as a social reserve of the organization. At the same time, the authors point out the qualitative difference between human resources and human capital, referring to the diversity of emerging types of management, eg. knowledge, competences, human resources, talents, etc. The text indicates the most popular models of human resource management and recruitment.