Research objectives and hypothesis/research questions:
The study outlines the research problem of how to address the migration of Ukrainians in Poland and what actions should be implemented to benefit European Union countries. The aim of the study is a multidimensional analysis and evaluation of data on the number of Ukrainians benefiting from temporary protection in European countries and their impact on demographics, the economy, and social security. This article proposes a research hypothesis: it is assumed that the largest number of Ukrainians benefiting from temporary protection resulting from the war with Russia was in Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic, which influenced the demography of these countries, as well as the labour market and education systems.

Research methods:
The research method used in the paper is a source analysis, including inference techniques.

Main results:
This article analyzes and evaluates data on migrants from Ukraine benefiting from temporary protection in Europe, as well as their impact on demographics, the economy, and social security from March 2022 to August 2025. Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic accepted the largest number of refugees, demonstrating the unequal burden-sharing among European Union member states following the outbreak of the war in Ukraine. Since 2023, the number of people under protection has been stabilizing, indicating an adjustment in refugee reception and integration systems.

Implications for theory and practice:
To capitalize on migration in the future, a consistent and long-term integration policy is essential. Member States should facilitate migrants’ access to the labour market, education and language learning, recognize professional qualifications and support entrepreneurship among refugees. It is also crucial to ensure adequate housing, healthcare and psychological care, as well as promote social dialogue to reduce the risk of exclusion and cultural tensions. The European Union ought to continue to work together and fund integration policies to ensure that the burden of assistance is shared evenly among Member States.