This article presents a very crucial scientific topic of benefits and costs of implementing talent management strategy (TMS) in the Polish Air Forces. The author described three benefits: interdisciplinary, general, and individual ones. Benefits result directly from planning, implementing and experience relate to talent management strategy (TMS). Implementing talent management strategy’s costs were classified as: individual and team ones. Describing strategy’s values may be directed not only the Polish Air Forces but also other army’s formations and modern organizations. The result is that the human resources management including talent management determines the key of effective and optimal management in many systems.